Below is a list of diagrams from the textbook that will help provide you with a greater understanding of the concepts in this unit.  The diagrams are available for you to print from the Campbell website.  You may wish consider printing the ëunlabeledí diagrams, and labeling the significant structures as you read or as they are discussed in class.  As an AP student, you are expected to be an active participant in your preparation for class; you are required to bring these diagrams with you.

Chapter 52:  Population Ecology
52.3:  Idealized survivorship curves
52.8:  Population growth predicted by the exponential model
52.11:  Population growth predicted by the logistic model
52.19:  Population cycles in the snowshoe hare and lynx
52.20:  Human population growth
52.22:  Age-structure pyramids

Chapter 53:  Community Ecology
53.2:  Testing a competitive exclusion hypothesis in the field
53.3:  Resource partitioning in a group of lizards
53.4:  Character displacement:  circumstantial evidence for competition in nature
53.10:  Examples of terrestrial and marine food chains
53.11:  An antarctic marine food web
53.21:  Which forest is more diverse?
53.26:  The hypothesis of island biogeography

Chapter 54:  Ecosystems
54.3:  Primary production of different ecosystems
54.11:  An idealized pyramid of net production
54.12:  Pyramids of biomass (standing crop)
54.13:  A pyramid of numbers
54.16:  The water cycle
54.17:  The carbon cycle
54.18:  The nitrogen cycle
54.19:  The phosphorus cycle
54.20:  Review:  Generalized scheme for biogeochemical cycles
54.21:  Nutrient cycling in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest:  an example of long-term ecological research

Chapter 55:  Conservation Biology
55.10:  The extinction vortex of the small-population approach

Chapter 2:  The Chemical Context of Life
2.12:  Covalent bonding in four molecules
2.13:  Polar covalent bonds in a water molecule
2.14:  Electron transfer and ionic bonding
2.17:  Molecular shapes due to hybrid orbitals

Chapter 4:  Carbon and the molecular diversity of life
4.6:  Three types of isomers
4.8:  A comparison of functional groups of female (estradiol) and male (testosterone) sex hormones
Table 4.1:  Functional Groups of Organic Compounds

Chapter 5:  The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
5.2:  The synthesis and breakdown of polymers
5.3:  The structure and classification of some monosaccharides
5.4:  Linear and ring forms of glucose
5.5:  Examples of disaccharide synthesis
5.6:  Storage polysaccharides
5.7:  Starch and cellulose structures
5.10:  The synthesis and structure of a fat, or triacylglycerol
5.11:  Examples of saturated and unsaturated fats and fatty acids
5.12:  The structure of a phospholipid
5.13:  Two structures formed by self-assembly of phospholipids in aqueous environments
5.14:  Cholesterol, a steroid
5.15:  The 20 amino acids of proteins
5.15:  Making a polypeptide chain
5.20:  The secondary structure of a protein
5.22:  Examples of interactions contributing to the tertiary structure of a protein
5.23:  The quaternary structure of proteins
5.24:  Review:  The four levels of protein structure
5.25:  Denaturation and renaturation of a protein

Chapter 6:  An Introduction to Metabolism
6.6:  Energy changes in exergonic and endergonic reactions
6.8:  The structure and hydrolysis of ATP
6.10:  The ATP cycle
6.13:  Enzymes lower the barrier of activation energy
6.15:  The catalytic cycle of an enzyme
6.17:  Inhibition of enzyme activity
6.18:  Allosteric regulation of enzyme activity
6.19:  Feedback inhibition
6.20:  Cooperativity
 

Chapter 8:  Membrane Structure and Function
8.4:  The fluidity of membranes
8.6:  The detailed structure of an animal cellís plasma membrane, in cross section
8.9:  Some functions of membrane proteins
8.12:  The water balance of living cells
8.15:  The sodium-potassium pump:  a specific case of active transport
8.16:  Review:  passive and active transport compared
8.18:  Cotransport
8.19:  The three types of endocytosis in animal cells

Chapter 36: Water Potential section ONLY
36.3: U-tube water potential model
36.4: Water Relations in plant cells

Chapter 9:  Cellular Respiration:  Harvesting Chemical Energy
9.3:  Methane combustion as an energy-yielding redox reaction
9.4:  NAD+ as an electron shuttle
9.6:  An overview of cellular respiration
9.7: Substrate-level phosphorylation
9.8:  The energy input and output of glycolysis
9.10:  Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, the junction between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
9.11:  A closer look at the Krebs cycle
9.14:  ATP synthase, a molecular mill
9.15:  Chemiosmosis couples the electron transport chain to ATP synthesis
9.16:  Review:  How each molecule of glucose yields many ATP molecules during cellular respiration
9.17:  Fermentation
9.19:  The catabolism of various food molecules
9.20:  The control of cellular respiration

MITOSIS
Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle
12.4  The cell cycle
12.6  Mitotic spindle at metaphase
12.8  Cytokinesis in animal and plant cells
12.14 Molecular control of cell cycle at the G2 checkpoint

VIRUSES AND PROKARYOTES UNIT
Chapter 18:  Microbial Models:  The Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
18.2:  Viral Structure
18.4:  The lytic cycle of phage T4
18.5:  The lysogenic and lytic reproductive cycles of phage lambda, a temperate phage
18.6:  The reproductive cycle of an enveloped virus
18.7:  HIV, a retrovirus

Chapter 35:  Plant Structure and Growth
35.1:  A comparison of monocots & dicots
35.2:  Morphology of a flowering plant:  an overview
35.8:  Water-conducting cells of xylem
35.9:  Food-conducting cells of the phloem
35.12:  Locations of major meristems:  an overview of plant growth
35.15: Organization of tissues in young roots-Monocot vs. Dicot
35.18: Organization of tissues in young stems-Monocot vs. Dicot
35.19: Leaf anatomy
35.21: Secondary growth of a stem
35.22: Anatomy of a three-year-old stem
35.23: Anatomy of a tree trunk

Chapter 36:  Transport in Plants
36.6 Compartments of plant cells and tissues and routes for lateral transport
36.7 Lateral transport of minerals and water in roots
36.11 Ascent of water in a tree
36.13 Mechanisms of stomatal opening and closing
36.16 Loading of sucrose into phloem
36.17 Pressure flow in sieve tube

Chapter 38:  Plant Reproduction and Biotechnology
38.2 idealized flower structures
38.4 development of angiosperm gametophyte (pollen and embryo sacs)
38.9 Growth of pollen tube and double fertilization
38.11 Seed Structure
38.14 Germination of monocot and dicot seeds

Chapter 39: Plant responses to Internal and External Signals
39.4 early experiments of phototropism
39.5 The Went experiments
Table 39.1:  PUT IN YOUR OWN WORDS
39.20 Phytochrome: a molecular switching mechanism
39.22 Photoperiodic control of flowering
39.23 Reversible effects of red and far-red light on photperiodic response

Chapter 17: From Gene to Protein
17.6  The stages of transcription:  initiation, elongation, and termination
17.8  RNA processing:  addition of the 5' cap and the poly(A) tail
17.9  RNA processing:  RNA splicing
17.10  The roles of snRNPs and spliceosomes in mRNA splicing
17.12  Translation:  thebasic concept
17.13  The structure of transfer RNA (tRNA)
17.15  Schematic model with mRNA and tRNA
17.17  The initiation of translation
17.18  The elongation cycle of tranlation
17.19  The termination of translation
17.24  Categories and consequences of point mutations
17.25  A summary of transcription and translation in a eukaryotic cell

Chapter 14:  Mendel and the Gene Idea
14.3  Alleles, alternative versions of a gene
14.4  Mendel's law of segregation
14.6  A testcross
14.7  Testing two hypotheses for segregation in a dihybrid cross
14.9  Incomplete dominance in snapdragon color
14.11  An example of epistasis
14.12  A simplified model for polygenic inheritance of skin color

Chapter 15:  The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
15.1  The chromosomal basis of Mendel's laws
15.4  Evidence for linked genes in Drosophila
15.5  Recombination due to crossing over
15.6  Using recombination frequencies to construct a genetic map
15.10  X inactivation and the tortiseshell cat
15.11  Meiotic nondisjunction
15.13  Alerations of chromosome structure

Chapter 18:  Microbial Models:  The Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
18.20  The trp operon:  regulated synthesis of repressible enzymes
18.21  The lac operon:  regulated synthesis of inducible enzymes
18.22  Positive control:  cAMP receptor protein

Chapter 19:  The organization and control of eukaryotic genomes
19.1  Levels of chromatin packing
19.7  Opportunities for the control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells
19.8  A eukaryotic gene and its transcript
19.11  Alternative RNA splicing

Chapter 47:  Animal Development
47.02  Sea Urchin Fertilization
47.03  Calcium Cortical Reaction
47.05  Mammalian Fertilization
47.07  Body Axes
47.09  Sea Urchin Gastrulation
47.10  Frog Gastrulation
47.11  Frog Organogenesis
47.12  Chick Organogenesis
47.14  Chick Membrane Development
47.15  Human Embryonic Development
47.22  Organizer
47.01 Table  Embryo Germ Layers

Chapter 33: Invertebrates
33.1 Animal Phylogeny (review)
33.3 Anatomy of a Sponge
33.4 Polyp and Medusa stage of a Cnidarian
33.5 Cnidocyte
33.10 Anatomy of a Planarian
33.11 Life history of a Blood Fluke (Schistosome mansoni)
33.16 Basic body plan of Mollusk
33.21 Anatomy of Earthworm
33.26 External Anatomy of an Arthropod
33.33 Anatomy of Grasshopper
33.38 Anatomy of Sea Star

Be sure to also check out the short videos from Chapter 33 to see these invertebrates in action!